Improvement in the manufacture of toe-caiks, and blanks foe the same



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THOMAS Donner, or SOUTHl BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No.A 78,581, datedffune 2, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT In aan MANUPAGTURE: 'or ron-citas, AND nLANKS ros' THE sans.

itin lgrhnle rentra tu in these glitters @anni mit uniting lint of tip ma.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONOERN:

Bc it known that I, THOMASDOOLEY, of South Boston, in the county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improved Toe-Calk, anda Blank for the-sume; and I do hereby declare `that the following, taken in connection with the drawings which accompany and form part of this specification, is a description of my invention sutHci-ent to enable those skilled in the art to practise it. y

vThis invention relates to such toe-calks as are, by welding to shoes for horses or other animals, made intgral withthe shoes. I

Snchtoe-cnlks have heretofore been made of wrought iron, ot' steel, and ot" wrought iron entirely surrounded by steel. l I

My invention consists in aitoe-calk, in which the surface which is 'welded to the shoe is of wrought iron, andl in which the surface whiclrcomes into Contact with the ground is of steel, and in a blank from which such toe.. ca lksare cut or punched, said blankhoing shapedby rolling, and having a form of cross-section corresponding withthe cross-section of a toc-calk, and having such a disposition of iron and steel therein thattoe-calhs formed therefrom shall presenta. surface and-'body of iron where the `calks formed from the blank are to bc'welded t0 the shoe, anda surface and bodyof steel where the calks formed therefrom come into contact with the ground.

Cnlks formed` entirely of iron weld easily toiron shoes, but lack the hardness necessary to endurance. Galks formed entirely of steel are unnecessarily expensive, and. are welded to iron shoes with ,difhculty,'and, in such welding, require the employment ot' boi-ax, which adds to' the expense. Calks which have a core of iron surrounded by steel unite the hardness of `the steel with the toughness ofthe iron, but it islas diiicultto-weld auch calks to iron shoes as it is to weld solid steel calks, and it requires the same use ot' borax.

The object of my invention is to produce toe-calks whichshall belas lasting in wear as solid steel calks, or ,as toe-calks with a core of iron surrounded with steel, and which shalhbe less expensive in material than solid steel zulks, and which shall be easily welded to iron shoes without the use of boraiz. I

f In practising my invention, I take bars of ironoi a cross-section adapted to form calks of any desired-size,

under the treatment specified beyond, and o f the requisite quality, and place them in` piles ilatwise upon each other in a case, lenvingbetween the sides of the case, and between the edges ofthe bars', in adjacent piles, spaces of about an inch in width, which spaces I lill with charcoal, and then submit the Icase with its contentsto heat in a furnace till the edges of the iron 'bars are converted into steel by absorption of carbon ,from the charcoal.'y

These bars, which are represented i`dia'gram A, where the steel and iron are shown by different colors,'ar'e then rolled into shapes or blanks, having forms of cross-section like those shown in gs. 1 and 2 Figure 1 being of a form suited iforsurnmer calks, and

Figure 2 being of a form suitedfor ice or winter calks, the blank being in plan asis representedin Figure 3.

'lhe blanks shown nre rolled with a web fromwhich are formed, in cutting or punching to separate the blank into calks, steady-pins such las are commonly used to secure each calli to a shoe while taking thex heat by' which the parts are united by welding. I i

If it is not deemed desirable to form steady-pins on the blanks, then bars of' smaller cross-section may be used, each having but one edge converted into steel, which is effected by packing the bars in pairs, so that the adjacent edges of n pair will bein contact, and so that a space will be left for charcoal between theedges of adjacent pairs.

The section of each bar, when converted,lis represented in diagram B, and sections-of blanks rolled therefrom, suited for summer and winter calks are seen at C and D. In all the dgures and diagrams,the steel and. iron ar-e represented by colors, the steel being marked s and the iron z'.

3yr-suitable punching orvcuttng-m'echanism Vthe blank is separated into calks of any desired length, which are given any curve needed tb conform to the outline v'of a shoe at its toe. The web from which the steady-pins are formed, is marked a.

Figure 4 is a side view of one of my improved calks, and y Figures 5 and 6 are end views -oi` summer and winter calks, steadyfpins 6 being shown integral with the ealks in euch of said three igures. i

I claim a calkor calli-blank, having a relative disposition of. ironV and steel, produced and shaped substantially as described. I v i i' -THOMAS DooLnY.

Witnesses J. CnosBYL' FRANCIS GOULD. 

